Underground sources

At use of underground water sources of border of the first belt of sanitary protection should be established depending on degree of security maintained vodonosnogo horizon from pollution from a surface and hydrological conditions on distance from a water fence: for reliably protected horizons - not less than 30 m; for not protected, not enough the protected horizons and infi-ltratsionnyh water fences not less than 50 m. At an establishment of distance of border of the second belt to a water fence place are necessary to start with term of dying off of the microorganisms which are in underground waters, 200 days making less. At well protected from pollution vodonosnom horizon as have shown special researches, dying off time is reduced till 100 days. In this connection the size of the second belt fluctuates from 50 to 1000 m and more.

The Centralized water supply.

For the waterpipe device use the rivers, and then water basins and lakes more often. The waterpipe consists of head constructions (water intaking and treatment facilities, pump stations, the tank of pure water) and a water supply system.

Waterpipe Building begins with a choice of a place for a water fence. This place should provide enough of water irrespective of changes in a mode of a reservoir and to be free from dangerous pollution in the sanitary relation. The place of a fence of water gets out above on a watercourse from the settlement which is in this case by a source of pollution of water. Thus arriving pollution from territory of settlement will be carried away by a watercourse downwards and will not get to water intaking constructions.

The Second condition of a correct choice of a place of a fence of water is depth of the river: in a place of a fence depth should be not less than 2,5 m. It it is necessary for the prevention of deterioration of water at the expense of settling down in on -

verhnostnom a sheet of water of seaweed and benthonic vysokomineralizovannogo a layer rising at vzmuchivanii of oozy ground adjournment. Average diameter of a water intaking pipe is equal 0,5 m.

At a choice of a place of a fence of water from superficial water sources careful sanitary inspection of the territory surrounding a water source, and laboratory research of water is spent. Especially it is important at use for the centralised water supply of water from lakes as in the absence of a current pollution arriving in lakes can collect on its separate sites.